Kurš datēja Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle?

  • John Pym datēja Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle no ? līdz ?.

  • Thomas Wentworth datēja Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle no ? līdz ?.

Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle

Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle

Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle (née Percy; 1599 – 5 November 1660) was an English courtier known for her beauty and wit. She was involved in many political intrigues during the English Civil War.

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John Pym

John Pym

John Pym (20 May 1584 – 8 December 1643) was a politician from Somerset who played a key role in establishing the modern English Parliamentary system. One of the Five Members whose attempted arrest in January 1642 was a major step in sparking the First English Civil War, his use of procedure to outmanoeuvre opponents was unusual for the period. Though this meant he was respected by contemporaries rather than admired, in 1895 historian Goldwin Smith described him as "the greatest member of Parliament that ever lived".

Pym's father died when he was seven months old, and he was raised by his stepfather Sir Anthony Rous, from whom he inherited his Puritan views and deep opposition to Archbishop Laud's reforms. He was also a leading member of the Providence Island Company, which attempted to establish a Puritan colony in Central America.

Described as 'a true revolutionary', he led the opposition to arbitrary rule first under James I, then Charles I. His leadership in the early stages of the war was essential to the Parliamentarian cause, particularly his role in negotiating the Solemn League and Covenant with the Scots Covenanters; his death from cancer in December 1643 was considered a major blow.

Originally buried in Westminster Abbey, after the Stuart Restoration in 1660, his body was dumped in a pit at nearby St Margaret's, Westminster along with those of other Parliamentary leaders. Though his reputation later suffered in comparison to less complex figures like John Hampden and Viscount Falkland, he is now viewed as an astute politician and effective speaker. Many of his ideas were adopted by Patriots during the American Revolution and 19th-century American liberals.

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Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle

Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle
 

Thomas Wentworth

Thomas Wentworth

Thomas Wentworth, 1. Earl of Strafford (* 13. April 1593 in London; † 12. Mai 1641 ebenda) war einer der führenden Politiker im Vorfeld des englischen Bürgerkriegs. Ein Höhepunkt seiner Laufbahn war seine Berufung zum Lord-Statthalter von Irland; noch heute gilt er dort als Symbolfigur eines absoluten englischen Herrschaftsanspruchs. 1640 wurde er von Karl I. zum Earl of Strafford ernannt und avancierte zu einem der einflussreichsten Ratgeber des Königs, der sich zu jener Zeit bemühte, seinen Herrschaftsanspruch durchzusetzen. Als Vertreter des absoluten Königtums verurteilte das Unterhaus ihn 1641 in einer Bill of Attainder zum Tode, obwohl das Oberhaus ihn in einem vorhergehenden Verfahren freigesprochen hatte. 1641 wurde Wentworth enthauptet.

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